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SS ''Shalom'' was a combined ocean liner/cruise ship built in 1964 by Chantiers de l'Atlantique, St Nazaire, France, for ZIM Lines, Israel, for transatlantic service from Haifa to New York. In 1967, she was sold to the German Atlantic Line, becoming their second SS ''Hanseatic''. Subsequently she served as SS ''Doric'' for Home Lines, SS ''Royal Odyssey'' for Royal Cruise Line and SS ''Regent Sun'' for Regency Cruises. She was laid up in 1995 following the bankruptcy of Regency Cruises. Numerous attempts were made to bring her back to service, but none were successful, and the ship sank outside Cape St. Francis, South Africa, on 26 July 2001, while en route to India to be scrapped.〔〔 On 26 November 1964, the ''Shalom'' accidentally rammed the Norwegian tanker ''Stolt Dagali'' outside New York, resulting in the loss of nineteen ''Stolt Dagali'' crew members as well as the stern of the tanker.〔〔 ==Concept and construction== The government-controlled ZIM Lines had begun transatlantic operations from Haifa to New York in 1953 with the SS ''Jerusalem''. In 1959, they placed an order for a brand new ship for the transatlantic service with Chantiers de l'Atlantique, France.〔 Proposed names for the new ship included ''Shlomo-Hamelech'', ''King David'' and ''King Solomon'', but ZIM finally opted for ''Shalom'' (peace) as the name of their new flagship.〔 The project manager was Captain Rimon, and the technical superintendent was IDF Naval officer and architect Edmond Wilhelm Brillant. A controversy that would erupt into a small government crisis followed Zim Lines' order to have two kitchens fitted while still under construction, to facilitate both kosher and non-kosher guests – a decision made to appeal to a wider clientele. Despite a government committee deciding in favor of only one kitchen, the government left the choice to Zim Lines, who, despite facing well organized and strong religious opposition, stood by their choice. The Union of Orthodox Rabbis, Rabbinical Council of America, Conservative Rabbinical Assembly and other groups were dismayed by the decision and initiated grassroots campaigns to force the issue.〔Liebman, Charles S. (1977). ''Pressure Without Sanctions: The Influence of World Jewry on Israeli Policy''. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 978-0-8386-1791-5.〕〔Birnbaum, Ervin (1970). ''The Politics of Compromise: State and Religion in Israel''. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 257. ISBN 978-0-8386-7567-0.〕 The ''Shalom'' was floated out of drydock on 10 November 1962, with only one kitchen. After fitting out, she commenced on her sea trials on 24 January 1964. In February of the same year she was delivered to ZIM Lines, arriving in Haifa for the first time on 3 March 1964.〔〔 The dispute about her kitchen would persist throughout her career with Zim. A year after her entry into service, however, the rabbinate agreed to let nonkosher food be served aboard cruises not visiting Israeli ports.〔 After just six months in service, the ''Shalom'' was rebuilt at Wilton-Feyenoord, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, with additional first-class cabins. During her subsequent career, she was also rebuilt in 1973 before entering service for Home Lines, and in 1982 before entering service for Royal Cruise Line.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SS Shalom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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